Neurology

Answer 7 Orolingual dyskinesia. Although virtually all possible involuntary movements have been associated with exposure to dopamine antagonists, orolingual movements (eg, lip-smacking, tongue protrusion, grimacing) are most common.14 Tardive dyskinesia most often affects chronically medicated psychiatric patients with advancing age. The pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia is not well defined, although supersensitive striatal dopamine receptors are often implicated. Treatment consists of limiting and, if possible, removing the responsible medication. For individuals requiring continued neuroleptic therapy, use of atypical compounds (eg, quetiapine, clozapine) is recommended.15 REFERENCES 14. Ebadi M, Srinivasan SK. Pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders. Pharmacol Rev 1995;47:575-604. 15. Feltner DE, Hertzman M. Progress in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: theory and practice. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1993;44:25-34. Click here to return to the questions

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